Can you explain the concept of media convergence?
That we carry media with us everywhere, there is a constant demand for being able to access media forms easier and regularly
You argue that convergence is a cultural rather than a technological process?
Technology is all about making it easier for people to achieve and access things they like to do. It amplifies the terms of a culture, its more about how you
What do you mean by the term Participatory Culture and how it will affect the way we learn, communicate and do business?
Sharing with each other is satisfactory, people want to connect with each other and involve other in what they do
Can you address the issue of collective intelligence and its role in media, culture and business?
network society - know one knows every but everybody knows something. When we share knowledge it polishes our accuracy and it broadens our access to knowledge. It is collective intelligence that means we can achieve better quality data (e.g. wikipedia). The procedure is adequate because its in the process of being built.
Are we entering an era when media will be integrated in all aspects of our lives?
We're tethered to media, we interpret media in most aspects of our lives. It's a level of passity and processing media. Media will continue to grow with layers of annotation of information. The future generation will only continue to increase accessibility to media
Friday 11 March 2011
Henry Jenkins Interview - Questions and Answers
Can you explain the concept of media convergence?
In the media the information system is converged and integrated, and we carry media throughout the system. This is shaped by the integrated media industry and the customers that use it.
You argue that convergence is a cultural rather than a technological process?
cultural change and development is way ahead of technological advances. By watching customers' difficulties with technology you can predict future advances. Culture proceeds technology.
What do you mean by the term "participatory culture" and how will it affect the way we learn, communicate and do business?
Participatory culture is the sharing of ideas and mass media. The Obama election campaign escalated because of the hype around it and Obama was seen as more of a celebrity, rather than a political leader. We are effected by this culture because influences by the mass and other changes our perception.
Can you address the issue of collective intelligence and its role in media culture and business?
In a network society, everybody does not know everything, but we all know something. Expertise comes from individuals and is built upon by others. collective intelligence is a network of deliberation, sharing of knowledge and ideas, and challenging them. It is a mass achievment. Collective intelligence proves better than individuality, Wikipedia is an example of this.
Are we entering an Era when media will be integrated in all aspects of our lives?
Yes it is, it is hard to think of a place without media present. We are tethered to media. In the future we will be increasingly open to media in our lives and it will effect us inevitably.
In the media the information system is converged and integrated, and we carry media throughout the system. This is shaped by the integrated media industry and the customers that use it.
You argue that convergence is a cultural rather than a technological process?
cultural change and development is way ahead of technological advances. By watching customers' difficulties with technology you can predict future advances. Culture proceeds technology.
What do you mean by the term "participatory culture" and how will it affect the way we learn, communicate and do business?
Participatory culture is the sharing of ideas and mass media. The Obama election campaign escalated because of the hype around it and Obama was seen as more of a celebrity, rather than a political leader. We are effected by this culture because influences by the mass and other changes our perception.
Can you address the issue of collective intelligence and its role in media culture and business?
In a network society, everybody does not know everything, but we all know something. Expertise comes from individuals and is built upon by others. collective intelligence is a network of deliberation, sharing of knowledge and ideas, and challenging them. It is a mass achievment. Collective intelligence proves better than individuality, Wikipedia is an example of this.
Are we entering an Era when media will be integrated in all aspects of our lives?
Yes it is, it is hard to think of a place without media present. We are tethered to media. In the future we will be increasingly open to media in our lives and it will effect us inevitably.
Henry Jenkins - Media Convergence
Can you explain the concept of media convergence?
- the information system is converged
- shaped by the integration of the media industry - same company owns interest in all media platforms
- shaped by teenagers wanting the media when and where they want it
You argue that convergence is a cultural rather than a technological process?
- social and cultural change precedes and races ahead of technological change
- if consumers view media over "enormous" difficulties then we can predict much more precisely the technical needs that are going to occur
- technology amplifies the trends of the culture
What do you mean by the term "participatory culture" and how will it affect the way we learn, communicate and do business?
- everyone is potentially a producer of media as well as a consumer.
- people have struggled with sharing their ideas with each other because of geographical distance
- success of the Obama campaign was based on participatory culture
Can you address the issue of collective intelligence and its role in media, culture and business?
- collective intelligence came from Pierre Lévy
- whatever a member knows the network knows
- the information system is converged
- shaped by the integration of the media industry - same company owns interest in all media platforms
- shaped by teenagers wanting the media when and where they want it
You argue that convergence is a cultural rather than a technological process?
- social and cultural change precedes and races ahead of technological change
- if consumers view media over "enormous" difficulties then we can predict much more precisely the technical needs that are going to occur
- technology amplifies the trends of the culture
What do you mean by the term "participatory culture" and how will it affect the way we learn, communicate and do business?
- everyone is potentially a producer of media as well as a consumer.
- people have struggled with sharing their ideas with each other because of geographical distance
- success of the Obama campaign was based on participatory culture
Can you address the issue of collective intelligence and its role in media, culture and business?
- collective intelligence came from Pierre Lévy
- whatever a member knows the network knows
 |
| Pierre Lévy |
Convergence - Henry Jenkins
Can you explain the concept of media convergence?
That we carry media around with us all the time and everywhere we go. Media forms are easily accessible and the demand is at an all time high.
You argue that convergence is a cultural rather than a technological process?
Technology is all about making it easier for people to achieve and access things they like to do. It amplifies the terms of a culture, its more about how you
What do you mean by the term Participatory Culture and how it will affect the way we learn, communicate and do business?
Sharing with each other has become a common way of life via the internet. User submitted content has broadened peoples intelligence on different subjects and allows for information to publicly shared.
That we carry media around with us all the time and everywhere we go. Media forms are easily accessible and the demand is at an all time high.
You argue that convergence is a cultural rather than a technological process?
Technology is all about making it easier for people to achieve and access things they like to do. It amplifies the terms of a culture, its more about how you
What do you mean by the term Participatory Culture and how it will affect the way we learn, communicate and do business?
Sharing with each other has become a common way of life via the internet. User submitted content has broadened peoples intelligence on different subjects and allows for information to publicly shared.
Henry Jenkins
Short interviewHenry Jenkins
Can you explain the concept of media convergence?
Henry Jenkins believed that media is being shaped by the public eg by teenagers and what they want to see and do.
You argue that convergence is a cultural rather than a technological process?
If we saw what companies were doing we would be able to predict more for the future and know what the public would want. Cultural races are ahead of the technological process.
What do you mean by the term participatory culture, and how will it affect the way we learn, communicate and do business?
Everyone is a producer not just a consumer. In the 19th century there was a toy printing process that was circulating all over. The same impulse is now being used when teens update their facebook profile and create new things.
Can you address the issues of collective intelligence and its role in media, culture and business?
There are an enormous amount of skills and expertise in the network. There is quality data on Wikipedia however we need to make sure it is accurate, /there is a lot to learn to function as a system but we still don't know what the system is.
Are we entering an era when media will be integrated in all aspects of our lives?
Media is everywhere. It is being pumped at us everywhere and by everyone. It is happening 24/7 even when we are doing other tasks. This is a new generation and the old generations are being left behind.
Monday 7 March 2011
How online media has changed consumer behaviour and audience response over time?
Web 1.0 and 2.0
As media such as the internet has advanced, we have consumed a lot more with recent developments that are very easily accessible. We may be a lot more influenced by the media because of these advances and our identity, especially youths in the future will be shaped and moulded by the media because of the great abundance of it.
Passive and Active Consumption
We believe that society are consuming a lot more passively than actively these day because media is now everywhere and we consume it without realising. it can shape our behaviour unknowingly. Advertising is very powerful and can effect us in many ways influencing are behaviour in the market and in life.
Globalisation
As international trade borders come down, it means that consumers gain access to a much wider range of media to consume. For example, it is now easy to retrieve media from foreign countries, such as films. This theme can also be related to the Web 2.0 revolution as technological covergence has meant that people interact differently with each other. Consumers may now by a product for the pure fact that they can interact socially with their peers on sites such as Facebook or Twitter. Also, services such as msn or skype have meant that consumers may buy add on extras in order to speak to relatives over a wide distance, in other countries for example.
Democratisation of the Media
This enables the public to have a access to a wider range of information sources, to produce and distribute their own media in greater numbers, and to have greater autonomy. With the emergence of sites such as YouTube, it is now realtively easy for consumers to broadcast and watch other consumers videos and may set up a YouTube account for the pure fact of being able to watch videos. iTunes is now also available for entrepreneurs to pioneer their own music.
As media such as the internet has advanced, we have consumed a lot more with recent developments that are very easily accessible. We may be a lot more influenced by the media because of these advances and our identity, especially youths in the future will be shaped and moulded by the media because of the great abundance of it.
Passive and Active Consumption
We believe that society are consuming a lot more passively than actively these day because media is now everywhere and we consume it without realising. it can shape our behaviour unknowingly. Advertising is very powerful and can effect us in many ways influencing are behaviour in the market and in life.
Globalisation
As international trade borders come down, it means that consumers gain access to a much wider range of media to consume. For example, it is now easy to retrieve media from foreign countries, such as films. This theme can also be related to the Web 2.0 revolution as technological covergence has meant that people interact differently with each other. Consumers may now by a product for the pure fact that they can interact socially with their peers on sites such as Facebook or Twitter. Also, services such as msn or skype have meant that consumers may buy add on extras in order to speak to relatives over a wide distance, in other countries for example.
Democratisation of the Media
This enables the public to have a access to a wider range of information sources, to produce and distribute their own media in greater numbers, and to have greater autonomy. With the emergence of sites such as YouTube, it is now realtively easy for consumers to broadcast and watch other consumers videos and may set up a YouTube account for the pure fact of being able to watch videos. iTunes is now also available for entrepreneurs to pioneer their own music.
How media forms have changed consumer behaviour over time?
Web 1.0/2.0
The introduction of web 2.0 saw a new era of easily accessible media across the globe. Instead of set regular times for television shows consumers are able to chose when and where they watch their television and are not constricted by time.
Passive and active consumption
Over time the development of media forms means that people have a more casual approach to the consumption of media, with the constant consumption of tv it means that people now consider the media as part of their social lives.Therefore people interpret media ideologies a lot more based on their individual cultural background and life experiences.
Globalisation
globalization refers to the global access to information and television which results in a much larger target audience. This also means more information is available to more people which means that more channels are accessed including niche channels.
Democratisation of the media
Democratisation of the media means more people are able to access free information and thus create channels. This results in a plethora of choice for consumers being able to access more and more niche channels.
Marshall McLuhan
Marshall McLuhan charted the way that the media have shaped how we receive and understand information in the three steps. These include tribal era, Guternberg age and electronic age of retribalised man. He suggested that information is individual rather than shared.
The introduction of web 2.0 saw a new era of easily accessible media across the globe. Instead of set regular times for television shows consumers are able to chose when and where they watch their television and are not constricted by time.
Passive and active consumption
Over time the development of media forms means that people have a more casual approach to the consumption of media, with the constant consumption of tv it means that people now consider the media as part of their social lives.Therefore people interpret media ideologies a lot more based on their individual cultural background and life experiences.
Globalisation
globalization refers to the global access to information and television which results in a much larger target audience. This also means more information is available to more people which means that more channels are accessed including niche channels.
Democratisation of the media
Democratisation of the media means more people are able to access free information and thus create channels. This results in a plethora of choice for consumers being able to access more and more niche channels.
Marshall McLuhan
Marshall McLuhan charted the way that the media have shaped how we receive and understand information in the three steps. These include tribal era, Guternberg age and electronic age of retribalised man. He suggested that information is individual rather than shared.
how online media has changed consumer behaviour and audience response over time.
TV
The way we consume tv has changed drastically over the past years.
The democratisation of media is part of web 2.0 which means anybody can use any type of media. It is also alot easier to access - a new era of online media.
web 1.0 was newspapers and tv and this alone has restricted viewings for consumers. you could only have what was presented to you and you had no choice in the matter therefore we had no comparisons. Web 2.0 is contemporary media and this is alot to do with internet. This has made some media forms alot more accessible. giving us more choice and variety of what we want. This is made more accessible with programs such as bbc i player , itv player, 4od etc. these websites contain catchup programmes, series' of all programmes shown and can allow us to pick and choose what we would like to watch. This also allowed us to produce and distribute our own media in greater numbers and have greater autonomy.
Tv democratisation is a massive change in the world of media. Things such as Sky, sky plus, sky hd, virgin media, ntl etc. have emerged giving us much more freedom just from our television in our homes. You can access libraries of programmes and stop pause rewind etc. You can record something on your televison if you miss it without using any sort of disc or tape. Online tv is increasingly popular due to its free and easy access you can make choices. this is also media convergence the way that tv has converged with certain channels advertising advertising their online content.
The Uses and gratifications theory states that the audience is not passive and easily effected by the media text. Suggesting the audience is Naive and gullable to the ideologies shown in certain media texts and taking these and using them in their collective identitys. Back to the uses and gratifications theory, it states that the audience is not passive, but an active audience, being able to see through what the text is representing and assessing the situation represented in the text ourselves , not always agreeiing with the media. For example on television when we see programs such as skins we do not immediately think somethings a good idea because they do. We will look at their choices and learn from them maybe, or maybe not , depending on the individual.
Chris Andersons 'The Long Tail Theory'. Has shed light on the niches and the internet has changed this subject alot allowing us to have more access to less popular niche programmes/channels. There are many online channels and libraries of such media where you can find such specialised products that you can find exactly what you want down to animals, wild animals, vets, weddings, brides, reality tv, game shows, whatever you could possibly want you could find and more and more people are realising this making niche products more popular. Whereas channels such as bbc1 get millions of views niche channels collaborated together generate a similar amount of views.
The way we consume tv has changed drastically over the past years.
The democratisation of media is part of web 2.0 which means anybody can use any type of media. It is also alot easier to access - a new era of online media.
web 1.0 was newspapers and tv and this alone has restricted viewings for consumers. you could only have what was presented to you and you had no choice in the matter therefore we had no comparisons. Web 2.0 is contemporary media and this is alot to do with internet. This has made some media forms alot more accessible. giving us more choice and variety of what we want. This is made more accessible with programs such as bbc i player , itv player, 4od etc. these websites contain catchup programmes, series' of all programmes shown and can allow us to pick and choose what we would like to watch. This also allowed us to produce and distribute our own media in greater numbers and have greater autonomy.
Tv democratisation is a massive change in the world of media. Things such as Sky, sky plus, sky hd, virgin media, ntl etc. have emerged giving us much more freedom just from our television in our homes. You can access libraries of programmes and stop pause rewind etc. You can record something on your televison if you miss it without using any sort of disc or tape. Online tv is increasingly popular due to its free and easy access you can make choices. this is also media convergence the way that tv has converged with certain channels advertising advertising their online content.
The Uses and gratifications theory states that the audience is not passive and easily effected by the media text. Suggesting the audience is Naive and gullable to the ideologies shown in certain media texts and taking these and using them in their collective identitys. Back to the uses and gratifications theory, it states that the audience is not passive, but an active audience, being able to see through what the text is representing and assessing the situation represented in the text ourselves , not always agreeiing with the media. For example on television when we see programs such as skins we do not immediately think somethings a good idea because they do. We will look at their choices and learn from them maybe, or maybe not , depending on the individual.
Chris Andersons 'The Long Tail Theory'. Has shed light on the niches and the internet has changed this subject alot allowing us to have more access to less popular niche programmes/channels. There are many online channels and libraries of such media where you can find such specialised products that you can find exactly what you want down to animals, wild animals, vets, weddings, brides, reality tv, game shows, whatever you could possibly want you could find and more and more people are realising this making niche products more popular. Whereas channels such as bbc1 get millions of views niche channels collaborated together generate a similar amount of views.
How has online media changed consumer behaviour and audience response over time?
Online Media has changed consumer behaviour by giving an audience a wide choice of products to consume. An example includes the large amount of television available through sponsoredsites, eg BBC iplayer or 4OD. The constant change happening in the internet also alters audeince expectations of how the media is delivered to them. For example, bbc iplayer has no advertisements while 4OD does, and this alters the popularity of these sites since audiences expect constant improvement.
The change in media consumption from the web 1.0 model to the web 2.0 model has also greatly altered the nature of an audiences media consumption. For example, in the web 1.0 model audiences were generally passive in their consumption while in the web 2.0 model, audiences choose which media they consume depending upon personal prefereance. This creates audience expectations, since it is generally accepted that one can consume any type of media one wishes to.
The change in media consumption from the web 1.0 model to the web 2.0 model has also greatly altered the nature of an audiences media consumption. For example, in the web 1.0 model audiences were generally passive in their consumption while in the web 2.0 model, audiences choose which media they consume depending upon personal prefereance. This creates audience expectations, since it is generally accepted that one can consume any type of media one wishes to.
Tuesday 15 February 2011
Both films show British culture however in different ways. London to Brighton is dipicting the underground scene in london, this involves prostitution, drugs and gang culture.
Corrienation Street however shows comfortable working class northen people. Although they are both set in England they focus on select parts of society within the british culture. The episode we studied was set in 1970, the year the conservative party came into power, this means the society had been going through change, this effected the values in society. London to Brighton on the other hand, was set in a modern time, in which the labour party were in power and had been since 1997. The advancement in society oppend a loop hole for gang culture.
Corrienation Street however shows comfortable working class northen people. Although they are both set in England they focus on select parts of society within the british culture. The episode we studied was set in 1970, the year the conservative party came into power, this means the society had been going through change, this effected the values in society. London to Brighton on the other hand, was set in a modern time, in which the labour party were in power and had been since 1997. The advancement in society oppend a loop hole for gang culture.
Monday 14 February 2011
Impact of the Internet on Media Production (TV)
Internet Protocol television (IPTV) is a system through which Internet television services are delivered using the architecture and networking methods of the Internet Protocol Suite over a packet-switched network infrastructure, e.g., the Internet and broadband Internet access networks, instead of being delivered through traditional radio frequency broadcast, satellite signal, and cable television (CATV) formats.
IPTV services may be classified into three main groups:
Definition from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPTV
The IPTV now have to regulate online media rather than just regular TV and keep an eye on the whole of the internet, meaning they have a much more challenging task than in previous years. 10 or 20 years ago they would just have to keep an eye on just the TV channels that broadcast the shows, whereas, nowadays they have to monitor the whole of the internet which is becoming increasingly difficult due to illegal downloads and pirating.
Consumers stand to benefit the most as it is increasingly difficult to regulate and monitor what every consumer wants so therefore the consumer benefits the most.
IPTV services may be classified into three main groups:
- live television, with or without interactivity related to the current TV show;
- time-shifted programming: catch-up TV (replays a TV show that was broadcast hours or days ago), start-over TV (replays the current TV show from its beginning);
- video on demand (VOD): browse a catalog of videos, not related to TV programming.
Definition from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPTV
The IPTV now have to regulate online media rather than just regular TV and keep an eye on the whole of the internet, meaning they have a much more challenging task than in previous years. 10 or 20 years ago they would just have to keep an eye on just the TV channels that broadcast the shows, whereas, nowadays they have to monitor the whole of the internet which is becoming increasingly difficult due to illegal downloads and pirating.
Consumers stand to benefit the most as it is increasingly difficult to regulate and monitor what every consumer wants so therefore the consumer benefits the most.
Impact of the internet on media production
IPTV is a system through which internet television services are delivered using architectural and networking; multimedia services such as television/video/audio/text/graphics/data delivered over IP based networks managed to provide the required level of quality of service and experience, security, interactivity and reliability. Television companies can make use of IPTV because they can broadcast their programs on the web to attract a wider audience. The distribution of multimedia services on the internet means they can maintain their quality of services and expand the distribution of their product.
Impact of the Internet on Media Production (TV)
Research the development of IPTV, find out what it is and how television companies make use of it.
This internet has changed almost everything about the way we digest media texts. All forms of media can be found online, from daily papers to feature length films we rarely need to leave our internet browser to find a media text. Although convenient, having everything we need online can be bad for the industries it suffocates; this is the case with illegal music, TV programmes and films on the web.
Through the development of IPTV how do you think television industry has developed over time?
Give specific examples you may have come across through your research.
Although the internet is a haven for illegal media texts, it is also a great place to catch up on missed programmes whenever you want. Products such as the BBC Iplayer and Channel 4’s 4OD (4 on demand) allow exactly that, eliminating the need for television. These programmes are extremely useful and each have a desktop application which allows you download the programmes and keep them for a certain amount of time.
Impact of the Internet on Media Production
Research int the development of internet protocol television (IPTV) find out what it is and how television companies can make use of it.
Internet Protocol television (IPTV) is a system through which Internet television services are delivered using the architecture and networking methods of the Internet Protocol Suite over a packet-switched network infrastructure, e.g., the Internet and broadband Internet access networks, instead of being delivered through traditional radio frequency broadcast,satellite signal, and cable television (CATV) formats.
Though the development of IPTV how do you think the television industry has changed over time? Give specific examples which you may have come accross during your research.
Over time the television industry has changed quite considerably, one big change is the television channels offering you the opportunity to re watch the episodes you have missed over the internet. These websites include BBC iplayer, 4OD and five on demand all of which you can watch, pause rewind and even download. You can now even download apps where you can record programmes tat you will miss from your own phone.
As IPTV is developed alongside online video, and TV viewers increasingly personalize their TV viewing so they can watch what they want, when and where they want, who stands to benefit most?
With the modern day industry ever changing, the ways and means of watching television are fast growing. Online video now means that we must never miss our favorite program and can always remain up to date with the soaps we adore or the latest documentary. With the new sky app on the Iphone also there is a larger scape of ways to record TV even on the go, so the viewer ultimately chooses what time they watch TV and therefore can draw up there own tv listings time benefiting the viewer. The producers still benefit from broadcasting the initial shows however they may not get as many views as intended as people will choose to watch it another time or online.
Internet Protocol television (IPTV) is a system through which Internet television services are delivered using the architecture and networking methods of the Internet Protocol Suite over a packet-switched network infrastructure, e.g., the Internet and broadband Internet access networks, instead of being delivered through traditional radio frequency broadcast,satellite signal, and cable television (CATV) formats.
Though the development of IPTV how do you think the television industry has changed over time? Give specific examples which you may have come accross during your research.
Over time the television industry has changed quite considerably, one big change is the television channels offering you the opportunity to re watch the episodes you have missed over the internet. These websites include BBC iplayer, 4OD and five on demand all of which you can watch, pause rewind and even download. You can now even download apps where you can record programmes tat you will miss from your own phone.
As IPTV is developed alongside online video, and TV viewers increasingly personalize their TV viewing so they can watch what they want, when and where they want, who stands to benefit most?
With the modern day industry ever changing, the ways and means of watching television are fast growing. Online video now means that we must never miss our favorite program and can always remain up to date with the soaps we adore or the latest documentary. With the new sky app on the Iphone also there is a larger scape of ways to record TV even on the go, so the viewer ultimately chooses what time they watch TV and therefore can draw up there own tv listings time benefiting the viewer. The producers still benefit from broadcasting the initial shows however they may not get as many views as intended as people will choose to watch it another time or online.
Impact of the Internet on Media Production
Internet Protocol Television (IPTV)
Internet Protocol television (IPTV) is a system through which Internet television services are delivered using the architecture and networking methods of the Internet Protocol Suite over a packet-switched network infrastructure, e.g., the Internet and broadband Internet access networks, instead of being delivered through traditional radio frequency broadcast, satellite signal, and cable television (CATV) formats.
IPTV services may be classified into three main groups:
- live television, with or without interactivity related to the current TV show;
- time-shifted programming: catch-up TV (replays a TV show that was broadcast hours or days ago), start-over TV (replays the current TV show from its beginning);
- video on demand (VOD): browse a catalog of videos, not related to TV programming.
IPTV is distinguished from general Internet-based or web-based multimedia services by its on-going standardization process (e.g., European Telecommunications Standards Institute) and preferential deployment scenarios in subscriber-based telecommunications networks with high-speed access channels into end-user premises via set-top boxes or other customer-premises equipment.
(Wikipedia)
Television companies can make use of this by broadcasting their programmes on the Internet which means that these programmes will get more coverage for less money and a lot more hits. It will advertise the programmes as well and distribute them.
Through the development of IPTV the television industry has changed since a wider range of programmes are available therefore mainstream programmes will not be as popular. However, many programmes will be receiving more coverage and hits because of the development of online television and how accessible it is.
We believe that as IPTV has developed many people along the stages in the television industry have all benefited. Producers will benefit as their programmes are receiving higher viewing rates, there will be more jobs available in advertising because of the developing online TV sites such as 4OD, distributors will also benefit because there will be more variety in where they are able to show the programmes. The consumers will definitely benefit, maybe the most, as they have a lot more choice in terms of what they watch, when they watch and where they watch it.
Internet protocol televisioin (IPTV)
The official definition approved by the International Telecommunication Union focus group on IPTV (ITU-T FG IPTV) is as follows:
"IPTV is defined as multimedia services such as television/video/audio/text/graphics/data delivered over IP based networks managed to provide the required level of quality of service and experience, security, interactivity and reliability."
Another official and more detailed definition of IPTV is the one given by Alliance fore telecommunications industry solutions (ATIS) IPTV Exploratory Group on 2005:
"IPTV is defined as the secure and reliable delivery to subscribers of entertainment video and related services. These services may include, for example, Live TV, Video On Demand (VOD) and interactive tv (iTV). These services are delivered across an access agnostic, packet switched network that employs the IP protocol to transport the audio, video and control signals. In contrast to video over the public Internet, with IPTV deployments, network security and performance are tightly managed to ensure a superior entertainment experience, resulting in a compelling business environment for content providers, advertisers and customers alike."
A system where internet television services are delivered using the architecture and networking methods of internet protocol suite over a packet-switched network infrastructure. e.g. the internet and broadband internet access networks instead of being delivered through traditional radio frequency broadcast, satellite signal, and cable television (CATV) formats IPTV services may be classified into three main groups:
- live television with or without interactivity related to the current TV show;
- time-shifted programming: catch-up TV (replays a TV show that was broadcast hours or days ago), start-over TV (replays the current TV show from its beginning);
- video on demand (VOD): browse a catalog of videos, not related to TV programming.
IPTV is distinguished from general Internet-based or web-based multimedia services by its on-going standardization process and preferential deployment scenarios in subscriber-based telecommunications networks with high-speed access channels into end-user premises via set-top boxes or other customer-premises equipment.
I think IPTV has changed tv alot because it has made things alot more available to people making some shows perhaps more popular because people are being able to fit them into their schedule instead of having to wait till its shown on television.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2010/01_january/14/iplayer.shtml - this shows how popular things such as iplayer are.
I think IPTV has changed tv alot because it has made things alot more available to people making some shows perhaps more popular because people are being able to fit them into their schedule instead of having to wait till its shown on television.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2010/01_january/14/iplayer.shtml - this shows how popular things such as iplayer are.
Who stands to benefit the most?
Tv producers and other people involved in the production of shows such as distributors and advertisers etc. stand to benefit from iptv because it brings in more viewings bringing in more money for the show it also increases its popularity which brings in even more viewings. However viewers have alot more freedom now scheduling there own shows but it only goes that far, it depends where your standing both are benefited in different ways.
I think that Producers and benefit the most from this.
Monday 7 February 2011
"WeThink" Theory and "Wikinomics" Theory
WeThink
We Think explores how the web is changing our world, creating a culture in which more people than ever can participate, share and collaborate, ideas and information.
'We Think' states that the way we think and make sense of 'knowledge' is fundamentally shifting in the online age. One of the main contributions to this statement is social networking. Social networking sites, e.g. Facebook, Twitter, have become a hugely important part of our everyday lives. The way we think and see things now partially depends on what happens on those sites and the actions that people do.
Wikinomics
Wikinomics: How Mass Collaboration Changes Everything is a book by Don Tapscott and Anthony D Williams, first published in December 2006. It explores how some companies in the early 21st century have used mass collaboration (also called peer production) and open-source technology, such as wikis, to be successful.According to Tapscott, Wikinomics is based on four ideas: Openness, Peering, Sharing, and Acting Globally.
1. Free Creativity (Openness and Sharing) - Making what you like and then broadcasting your creation globally with other users, e.g. YouTube
2. Peering - the free sharing of material on the internet
3. Acting Globally - Web 2.0 makes thinking globally inevitable, the internet makes communication of ideas simple.
Wikinomics is now making things more simple with more choice for example "iTunes" there is no factory with man-made product, it's all in the form of downloads. This is cutting out mass productions and distributions, making is easier for both the company and customer.
We Think explores how the web is changing our world, creating a culture in which more people than ever can participate, share and collaborate, ideas and information.
'We Think' states that the way we think and make sense of 'knowledge' is fundamentally shifting in the online age. One of the main contributions to this statement is social networking. Social networking sites, e.g. Facebook, Twitter, have become a hugely important part of our everyday lives. The way we think and see things now partially depends on what happens on those sites and the actions that people do.
Wikinomics
Wikinomics: How Mass Collaboration Changes Everything is a book by Don Tapscott and Anthony D Williams, first published in December 2006. It explores how some companies in the early 21st century have used mass collaboration (also called peer production) and open-source technology, such as wikis, to be successful.According to Tapscott, Wikinomics is based on four ideas: Openness, Peering, Sharing, and Acting Globally.
1. Free Creativity (Openness and Sharing) - Making what you like and then broadcasting your creation globally with other users, e.g. YouTube
2. Peering - the free sharing of material on the internet
3. Acting Globally - Web 2.0 makes thinking globally inevitable, the internet makes communication of ideas simple.
Wikinomics is now making things more simple with more choice for example "iTunes" there is no factory with man-made product, it's all in the form of downloads. This is cutting out mass productions and distributions, making is easier for both the company and customer.
'We Think' & 'Wikinomics'
'We Think' demonstrates the way the web is changing our world, this is in reference to the web being a potent platform for creativity and innovation. it is sub-consciously creating culture that people can participate, share and collaborate ideas and information. Although it provides society with democracy, equality and freedom, there are still the risk of self expression on the internet becoming a potential problem.
'Wikinomics' is the idea that we should concentrate on finding ways to innovate with your market, to source, shape and screen innovations. This theory includes these factors, being open,sharing,peering,being global and generation-N Norms. So the idea is about mass collaboration and whether you are willing to collaborate with partners, customers, consumers and even competitors to avoid being synonymous with failure.
'We Think' and the use of social networking.
'We Think' states that the way we think and make sense of 'knowledge' is fundamentally shifting in the online age. I believe one of the main contributions to this statement is social networking. Social networking sites, e.g. Facebook, Twitter, have become a significant part of our everyday lives. The way we think and see things now partially depends on what happens on those sites.
'Wikinomics' is the idea that we should concentrate on finding ways to innovate with your market, to source, shape and screen innovations. This theory includes these factors, being open,sharing,peering,being global and generation-N Norms. So the idea is about mass collaboration and whether you are willing to collaborate with partners, customers, consumers and even competitors to avoid being synonymous with failure.
'We Think' and the use of social networking.
'We Think' states that the way we think and make sense of 'knowledge' is fundamentally shifting in the online age. I believe one of the main contributions to this statement is social networking. Social networking sites, e.g. Facebook, Twitter, have become a significant part of our everyday lives. The way we think and see things now partially depends on what happens on those sites.
We Think Theory
We Think explores how the web is changing our world, creating a culture in which more people than ever can participate, share and collaborate, ideas and information.
Ideas take life when they are shared. That is why the web is such a potent platform for creativity and innovation.
It's also at the heart of why the web should be good for : democracy, by giving more people a voice and the ability to organise themselves; freedom, by giving more people the opportunity to be creative and equality, by allowing knowledge to be set free.
But sharing also brings with it dilemmas.
It leaves us more open to abuse and invasions of privacy.
Participation is not always a good thing: it can just create a cacophony.
Collaboration is sustained and reliable only under conditions which allow for self organisation.
Everywhere we turn there will be struggles between people who want to freely share - music, films, ideas, information - and those who want to control this activity, either corporations who want to make money or governments who fear debate and democracy. This conflict between the rising surge of mass collaboration and attempts to retain top down control will be one of the defining battles of our time, from Communist China, to Microsoft's battle with open source and the music industry's desperate rearguard action against the web.
Ideas take life when they are shared. That is why the web is such a potent platform for creativity and innovation.
It's also at the heart of why the web should be good for : democracy, by giving more people a voice and the ability to organise themselves; freedom, by giving more people the opportunity to be creative and equality, by allowing knowledge to be set free.
But sharing also brings with it dilemmas.
It leaves us more open to abuse and invasions of privacy.
Participation is not always a good thing: it can just create a cacophony.
Collaboration is sustained and reliable only under conditions which allow for self organisation.
Everywhere we turn there will be struggles between people who want to freely share - music, films, ideas, information - and those who want to control this activity, either corporations who want to make money or governments who fear debate and democracy. This conflict between the rising surge of mass collaboration and attempts to retain top down control will be one of the defining battles of our time, from Communist China, to Microsoft's battle with open source and the music industry's desperate rearguard action against the web.
'We Think'
We-think: mass innovation, not mass production
We Think explores how the web is changing our world, creating a culture in which more people than ever can participate, share and collaborate, ideas and information. It is the idea that information can be freely distributed and viewed by the masses. It gives people that usually cannot find a voice a medium to express and share their views. This takes form in videos, text and through other arts. However, this can lead to problems such as the invasion of privacy and cyber bullying in various forms. This can also lead to the illegal distribution of files for anyone to download.Wikinomics
Wikinomics is a term that describes the effects of extensive collaboration and user-participation on the marketplace and corporate world.
According to Tapscott and Williams, these four principles are the central concepts of wikinomics in the enterprise:
- Openness, which includes not only open standards and content but also financial transparency and an open attitude towards external ideas and resources
- Peering, which replaces hierarchical models with a more collaborative forum. Tapscott and Williams cite the development of Linux as the "quintessential example of peering."
- Sharing, which is a less proprietary approach to (among other things) products, intellectual property, bandwidth, scientific knowledge
- Acting globally, which involves embracing globalization and ignoring "physical and geographical boundaries" at both the corporate and individual level.
Wikinomics has been described as the Web 2.0 phenomenon.
Facebook and 'We Think' Theory
We can apply facebook to this theory as it is a mass sharing of information, photos, videos, news and much more. Anything and everything can be shared with people from across the world. Facebook is a centre for global social sharing. However, as this theory states, through this immense sharing of information, privacy can be invaded and many problems have and can occur.
The 'Long Tail' Theory.
The term has gained popularity in recent times as a retailing concept describing the niche strategy of selling a large number of unique items in relatively small quantities – usually in addition to selling fewer popular items in large quantities.
The way we think and make sense of media has changed in the online age.
The way we think and make sense of media has changed in the online age.
Long Tail Theory
The long tail theory is when you have niche markets that when put together create as much reveue as a large main stream product. For example some niche TV channels get as many viewers as a popular channel.
- Apply the theory of 'Long Tail' to one of the following: TV/FILM
An example of a mainstream channel, is E Entertainment. This channel shows lots of reality tv shows on celebrities and their lives. The channel has all the latest news and gossip on the celeb world. The shows shown are most commonly american shows.
E! has an audience reach of 88 million cable and satellite viewers.
An example of a niche channel is Chelsea TV. This channel shows all chelsea related media from news on the players and actual matches.
- Apply the theory of 'Long Tail' to one of the following: TV/FILM
An example of a mainstream channel, is E Entertainment. This channel shows lots of reality tv shows on celebrities and their lives. The channel has all the latest news and gossip on the celeb world. The shows shown are most commonly american shows.
E! has an audience reach of 88 million cable and satellite viewers.
An example of a niche channel is Chelsea TV. This channel shows all chelsea related media from news on the players and actual matches.
'Long Tail Theory'
The long tail theory states that niche products although directed at a specific audience compared to mainstream products which have a wider audience maintain the same viewers/buyers or more. So he outlines the strategy of selling a large number of unique items in relatively small quantities in addition to selling fewer popular items in large quantities.
Brit Asia Tv which is a niche Tv channel directed at the asian community. The channel is widely viewed by their target audience. In comparison to E4 which isn't necessarily directed at a specific viewing audience, but the outcome of sales figures for these Tv shows is relatively close which concludes that the 'Long tail' theory has been proven.
Brit Asia Tv which is a niche Tv channel directed at the asian community. The channel is widely viewed by their target audience. In comparison to E4 which isn't necessarily directed at a specific viewing audience, but the outcome of sales figures for these Tv shows is relatively close which concludes that the 'Long tail' theory has been proven.
Theory of "The Long Tail"
Apply the theory of "The Long Tail" to either TV or Film:
TV: Using figures from the website "BARB" it shows that predominately BBC 1, BBC 2, ITV1 etc. are on the whole the highest grossing TV channels but BBC 1 only has a 20.8% share whereas "Other Viewing" has a 42.2% share, proving that the niche end of the market has more of the share.
http://www.barb.co.uk/report/weeklyViewing?_s=4
This relates to the "Long Tail Theory" as it shows Chris Anderson's theory has been proven correct, to a certain extent, as it shows that the niche market has prevailed over the mass market and are more widely "wanted" by the public than the "big hit" channels.
The Long Tail Theory:
This theory suggests that the niche market prevails over the "big hits" over the mass market. For example, using the internet, people will want to buy more specialist things overall than they will for buying the blockbuster hits.
TV: Using figures from the website "BARB" it shows that predominately BBC 1, BBC 2, ITV1 etc. are on the whole the highest grossing TV channels but BBC 1 only has a 20.8% share whereas "Other Viewing" has a 42.2% share, proving that the niche end of the market has more of the share.
http://www.barb.co.uk/report/weeklyViewing?_s=4
This relates to the "Long Tail Theory" as it shows Chris Anderson's theory has been proven correct, to a certain extent, as it shows that the niche market has prevailed over the mass market and are more widely "wanted" by the public than the "big hit" channels.
The Long Tail Theory:
This theory suggests that the niche market prevails over the "big hits" over the mass market. For example, using the internet, people will want to buy more specialist things overall than they will for buying the blockbuster hits.
'We Think'
Charles Leadbeater is the author of the book 'We think'
On Charles' site the headline says
On Charles' site the headline says
Welcome to We-think: mass innovation, not mass production
We think is about how the web is changing all the time and its effecting and changing other things in our world it has become more accessible. The website states 'Ideas take life when they are shared'. The site talks about how the internet creates tools for creating and innovation. The website also states that the web should be good for democracy by giving more people a voice and the ability to organise themselves. Basically stating that the internet opens up oppurtunities for people who would nor perhaps have the chance to let themselves be known without the internet. It also describes the internet as almost an endless book a search engine for every subject you could think of and information in which you can take in and learn about all sorts of subjects, places, jobs, people, useful information about opening times rules regulations, laws, applications, how to's/tutorials release dates videos and previews etc.
They also talk about the negative parts of the internet such as lack of privacy, things such as blogs and people being heard can create arguments and frequent disagreements.
Everywhere we turn there will be struggles between people who want to freely share - music, films, ideas, information - and those who want to control this activity, either corporations who want to make money or governments who fear debate and democracy. This conflict between the rising surge of mass collaboration and attempts to retain top down control will be one of the defining battles of our time, from Communist China, to Microsoft's battle with open source and the music industry's desperate rearguard action against the web.
Long tail theory.
Apply the theory of 'Long Tail' to Television:
Television comprises of many different programs which cover different genres and therefore can appeal to a mass audience. There is no specific leading program, they all are made for niche markets.
Through research, find out the proportion of media consumption for both niche and mainstream products. The products should be within the media form you have picked. You can use published data for sales figures.
There is an equal spread of viewers for both mainstream and niche television programmes. However, there are significantly more niche programmes than mainstream but each with less viewers due to their specific content.
Below is part of a table from the research board BARB on the weekly total viewing summary:
Are the figures for the niche products close to or higher than a particular mainstream product? If yes, then the 'Long Tail Theory' theory has been proven:
Although the mainstream channels do have a higher average amount of viewers per channel compared to the niche broadcasters. But as the niche broadcasters are vaster in numbers the total viewers add up to be similar to that of the mainstream channels. Long tail theory has been proven in this case as there is such a large number of niche channels the amount of viewers is larger than the mainstream viewers.
Long term theory states that the media market is lead by niche products rather than mainstream. Although mainstream does have a large effect on consumers, personal preference and choice are becoming a lot more relevant, especially with the development of web 2.0 and the internet.
Television comprises of many different programs which cover different genres and therefore can appeal to a mass audience. There is no specific leading program, they all are made for niche markets.
Through research, find out the proportion of media consumption for both niche and mainstream products. The products should be within the media form you have picked. You can use published data for sales figures.
There is an equal spread of viewers for both mainstream and niche television programmes. However, there are significantly more niche programmes than mainstream but each with less viewers due to their specific content.
Below is part of a table from the research board BARB on the weekly total viewing summary:
Are the figures for the niche products close to or higher than a particular mainstream product? If yes, then the 'Long Tail Theory' theory has been proven:
Although the mainstream channels do have a higher average amount of viewers per channel compared to the niche broadcasters. But as the niche broadcasters are vaster in numbers the total viewers add up to be similar to that of the mainstream channels. Long tail theory has been proven in this case as there is such a large number of niche channels the amount of viewers is larger than the mainstream viewers.
Long term theory states that the media market is lead by niche products rather than mainstream. Although mainstream does have a large effect on consumers, personal preference and choice are becoming a lot more relevant, especially with the development of web 2.0 and the internet.
Long Tail Theory
Niche channel- The Africa Channel- Average daily reach- 10
- Men and Movies- 23
- Wedding TV- 42
Mainstream Channel- BBC1- Average daily reach- 30,343
- ITV 1- 21,910
- E4- 3,423
The long tail theory says that because of internet and web 2.0, niche channels have become more popular and more accesible to the public therefore resulting in higher viewings fo nich channels making them almost equivilent in popularity to mainstream channels because there will always be someone who wants to watch them.
However, here, the long tailed theory has not been proven. All of the minstream channels have significantly higher weekly viewings compared to the Niche channels. so we think that sometimes the theory can be proven with less popular mainstream channels and some Niche channels have a higher viewing because their subjects are perhaps more of a wider range, more entertaining equaling in popularity.
Niche channel- Comedy Central- 873
Mainstream Channel- Sky 2- 1,153
^ the difference here is not quite so large.
- Men and Movies- 23
- Wedding TV- 42
Mainstream Channel- BBC1- Average daily reach- 30,343
- ITV 1- 21,910
- E4- 3,423
The long tail theory says that because of internet and web 2.0, niche channels have become more popular and more accesible to the public therefore resulting in higher viewings fo nich channels making them almost equivilent in popularity to mainstream channels because there will always be someone who wants to watch them.
However, here, the long tailed theory has not been proven. All of the minstream channels have significantly higher weekly viewings compared to the Niche channels. so we think that sometimes the theory can be proven with less popular mainstream channels and some Niche channels have a higher viewing because their subjects are perhaps more of a wider range, more entertaining equaling in popularity.
Niche channel- Comedy Central- 873
Mainstream Channel- Sky 2- 1,153
^ the difference here is not quite so large.
The Long Tail Theory
The 'Long Tail Theory' is the theory that due onset of broadband internet it is possible to get a infinite variety of media products. This mean that niche are readily available as blockbuster products which means that the niche market has become equal to the mainstream market.
http://www.barb.co.uk/index/index
Due to thew fact that the figures show all the niche products added together are not too far off the percentage as all the niche products together. Because of this, the 'Long Tail" theory has been proven.
http://www.barb.co.uk/index/index
Due to thew fact that the figures show all the niche products added together are not too far off the percentage as all the niche products together. Because of this, the 'Long Tail" theory has been proven.
Monday 31 January 2011
Illegal Downloading censorship and regulation
Q: What is the role of the Copyright and Trademark acts 2002?
A: The copyright and trade marks act of 2002 protects copyright materials. This means that the owner of the material is protected by people who may download it, however this doesn't usually happen.
Q: What is the role of Ofcom?
A: Ofcom is the government regulatory authority that regulates a number of different telecommunication industries in the UK. Some of the main areas Ofcom presides over are licensing, research, codes and policies, complaints and competition. Ofcom has a policy to undertake many consultation processes.
Q: How do you think downloading TV programs and Films for free have effected the TV and film industries?
A: Obviously, if there is a large amount of people downloading TV programs and films that are not legal then these industries will be directly effected.
A: The copyright and trade marks act of 2002 protects copyright materials. This means that the owner of the material is protected by people who may download it, however this doesn't usually happen.
Q: What is the role of Ofcom?
A: Ofcom is the government regulatory authority that regulates a number of different telecommunication industries in the UK. Some of the main areas Ofcom presides over are licensing, research, codes and policies, complaints and competition. Ofcom has a policy to undertake many consultation processes.
Q: How do you think downloading TV programs and Films for free have effected the TV and film industries?
A: Obviously, if there is a large amount of people downloading TV programs and films that are not legal then these industries will be directly effected.
My Illegal And Very Naughty Music Download
1. What is the role of the copyright and trademarks act(2002)?
2. What is the role of Ofcom?
Ofcom is the communications regulator. We regulate the TV and radio sectors, fixed line telecoms and mobiles, plus the airwaves over which wireless devices operate.
3.How do you think downloading TV programs and films for free have affected TV and film industries? find facts to back your case.
if people dont buy the films distributed by the industries it means they dont get the money to fund their movies and won't be able to make more movies for us. also actors won't get paid and won't act in films or tv shows and then they will go bankrupt and nobody will ever get to watch a film again :) and the end. dont do it.
4.Do you agree with the new copyright download proposal set out by Ofcom? Why?
no, people will still find a way to download music so it wont make that much difference
This Act amends the criminal provisions in intellectual property law, more specifically the law relating to copyright, rights in performances, fraudulent reception of conditional access transmissions by use of unauthorised decoders and trade marks. The Act brings about some rationalisation of these criminal provisions by removing some of the differences. The three areas in which rationalisation is provided by the Act are maximum penalties for certain offences in intellectual property law, police search and seizure powers relating to offences and court orders on forfeiture of illegal material that may have been seized during investigation of offences. The Act does not make any changes to the scope of criminal offences in intellectual property law so that the type of behaviour that can give rise to an offence remains the same.
2. What is the role of Ofcom?
Ofcom is the communications regulator. We regulate the TV and radio sectors, fixed line telecoms and mobiles, plus the airwaves over which wireless devices operate.
3.How do you think downloading TV programs and films for free have affected TV and film industries? find facts to back your case.
if people dont buy the films distributed by the industries it means they dont get the money to fund their movies and won't be able to make more movies for us. also actors won't get paid and won't act in films or tv shows and then they will go bankrupt and nobody will ever get to watch a film again :) and the end. dont do it.
4.Do you agree with the new copyright download proposal set out by Ofcom? Why?
no, people will still find a way to download music so it wont make that much difference
Illegal downloads
What is the role of the Copyright and Trade Marks Act (2002)?
currently protects copyrighted materials, it ammended the copyright designs and patents act 1988.
What is the role of OFCOM?
OFCOM regulate what is broadcast and make sure that content is suitable to viewers. If a viewer is upset with something they have seen then it is possible to write to ofcom and complain.
How do you think downloading TV programs and films for free have affected the TV and film industries?
Illegal downloads have affected tv and film industries in that they are not as profitable as they could be and all their creative productions are effectively being viewed for free.
Do you agree with the new copyright proposal downloading set out by OFCOM? Why?
Although i agree with the principal behind the new proposal i believe that people will always find ways around the law and this will encourage a new way to brake it.
currently protects copyrighted materials, it ammended the copyright designs and patents act 1988.
What is the role of OFCOM?
OFCOM regulate what is broadcast and make sure that content is suitable to viewers. If a viewer is upset with something they have seen then it is possible to write to ofcom and complain.
How do you think downloading TV programs and films for free have affected the TV and film industries?
Illegal downloads have affected tv and film industries in that they are not as profitable as they could be and all their creative productions are effectively being viewed for free.
Do you agree with the new copyright proposal downloading set out by OFCOM? Why?
Although i agree with the principal behind the new proposal i believe that people will always find ways around the law and this will encourage a new way to brake it.
Illegal Downlading - Censorship and Regualtion
What is the role of the 2002 Copyright and Tradesmark Act?
The role of this act is the current protection of copyrighted material. This means that the creators works is 'supposedly' protected against anyone claiming at their own. Copyright is a type of ownership. This Act should effectively protect the creators work against illegal download and distribution, however this frequently does not happen.
What is the role of Ofcom?
The role of Ofcom is the communications regulator. They regulate the TV and radio sectors, fixed line telecoms and mobiles, plus the airwaves over which wireless devices operate. In the future they may be in charge of detecting and regulating illegal downloads.
How has downloading TV programmes and Films for free affected TV and Film industries?
This has affected these industries very negatively as they do not get the money or market they should for the creations. This means that they may not get the credit that they deserve, and therefore they don't make the money that the should be making.
Do you agree in the new copyright law proposal on downloading set out by Ofcom? why?
No we do not really agree with this because so many people take part in downloading for their own personal use which we believe should be legal. The limit of three times in a year is way to low considering the amount people download and we think that this could cause a lot of hassle from the people who listen to music and watch TV and Films online and also for the ISP's that will have to check though their customers' internet usage. We also think that if the ISP's are being made to monitor our download history then this is an invasion of privacy and isn't this an Act in its self?
The role of this act is the current protection of copyrighted material. This means that the creators works is 'supposedly' protected against anyone claiming at their own. Copyright is a type of ownership. This Act should effectively protect the creators work against illegal download and distribution, however this frequently does not happen.
What is the role of Ofcom?
The role of Ofcom is the communications regulator. They regulate the TV and radio sectors, fixed line telecoms and mobiles, plus the airwaves over which wireless devices operate. In the future they may be in charge of detecting and regulating illegal downloads.
How has downloading TV programmes and Films for free affected TV and Film industries?
This has affected these industries very negatively as they do not get the money or market they should for the creations. This means that they may not get the credit that they deserve, and therefore they don't make the money that the should be making.
Do you agree in the new copyright law proposal on downloading set out by Ofcom? why?
No we do not really agree with this because so many people take part in downloading for their own personal use which we believe should be legal. The limit of three times in a year is way to low considering the amount people download and we think that this could cause a lot of hassle from the people who listen to music and watch TV and Films online and also for the ISP's that will have to check though their customers' internet usage. We also think that if the ISP's are being made to monitor our download history then this is an invasion of privacy and isn't this an Act in its self?
Copyright
What is the role of the copyright and trademarks act?
they regulate all types of media, including television and films.
what is the role of Ofcom?
ofcom are an "independant regulator and competition authority for the UK communications industries"
they will be monitoring the use of illegal downloads and enforcing consequences for those people.
How do you think downloading tv programmes and films for free have effected the tv and film industries?
the money that would be spent on buying the films, or the television episodes in shops, is then not being spent because the downloading is free. the industries are then losing out on money.
do you agree with the new copyright proposal on downloading set out by ofcom? why?
i dont agree that this is a good system to enforce, because the people that only download for personal use shouldnt be punished. those that plan on distributing their illegal downloads and recieving a profit for it should be caught and fined.
they regulate all types of media, including television and films.
what is the role of Ofcom?
ofcom are an "independant regulator and competition authority for the UK communications industries"
they will be monitoring the use of illegal downloads and enforcing consequences for those people.
How do you think downloading tv programmes and films for free have effected the tv and film industries?
the money that would be spent on buying the films, or the television episodes in shops, is then not being spent because the downloading is free. the industries are then losing out on money.
do you agree with the new copyright proposal on downloading set out by ofcom? why?
i dont agree that this is a good system to enforce, because the people that only download for personal use shouldnt be punished. those that plan on distributing their illegal downloads and recieving a profit for it should be caught and fined.
Illegal downloads
We partially agree with this statement, because although this infringes the reproduction act it is more sensible to download a TV show for your own use because it's socially acceptable and widely done. You're not intending on making any profit on it or for public use.
We do not agree with this statement as you are abusing and undermining the company which produced the program. Making money from something which is an unoriginal concept and that has been pre-made is immoral and unacceptable. This brakes the infringement and distribution laws regarding media companies passed in 1998.
Illegal Downloading
Question : Downloading a particular TV show for personal use is ok?
Answer: We think that this is acceptable because it is only for personal use, so your not making any money of it and TV is free anyways. Channels have also introduced websites such as 4OD and BBC iplayer for this purpose already. However, this is still illegal so should not be done, although we do not see a problem with it and think that it should be made legal if it is only for personal use and not distribution and selling.
Question: Is it ok if i download TV programme, watch it then give it to my friend in exchange for money?
Answer: We believe that this is not ok because the person downloading it is distributing the TV programme and earning money from it when they do not own the copyright to do this. The money for the programme should go to the original creator.
Answer: We think that this is acceptable because it is only for personal use, so your not making any money of it and TV is free anyways. Channels have also introduced websites such as 4OD and BBC iplayer for this purpose already. However, this is still illegal so should not be done, although we do not see a problem with it and think that it should be made legal if it is only for personal use and not distribution and selling.
Question: Is it ok if i download TV programme, watch it then give it to my friend in exchange for money?
Answer: We believe that this is not ok because the person downloading it is distributing the TV programme and earning money from it when they do not own the copyright to do this. The money for the programme should go to the original creator.
Illegal downloads.
Whether your downloading tv shows illegally depends on a few factors such as -
- The source of the file.
- Copyright status.
- The country you live in.
- If your uploading the content.
In the U.S. the copyright law allows a person to 'duplicate' or 'share' copyrighted material for casual use within limited circumstances.
e.g purchasing a book, letting your neighbor read it when you're through,
copying tracks off your legally purchased cd's to make person compilations,
making a 'hard copy' of your favourite program as it is broadcast to your telivision.
It isn't legal for re-distribution or sale of copyright materials.
Illegal Download Questions
"Downloading a Particular TV Show For Personal Use Is Ok"
We believe that it is ok because you are only using it for your own enjoyment and it is not being used for distribution. Under the Copyright act of 1988 it is not illegal to download media for your own use.
"Is it ok if i download a Tv program, watch it. then give it to my friend in exchange for money"
No, because that would count as distribution, and that is highly illegal.
We believe that it is ok because you are only using it for your own enjoyment and it is not being used for distribution. Under the Copyright act of 1988 it is not illegal to download media for your own use.
"Is it ok if i download a Tv program, watch it. then give it to my friend in exchange for money"
No, because that would count as distribution, and that is highly illegal.
Illegal Downloads
Q: Downloading a particular T.V show for personal use is okay.
A: It is not okay in the eyes of the law because of the digital millennium copyright act. However it is so common and almost socially acceptable that it doesn't seem a big problem. Many people use streaming websites which does not involve the actual download, people think that it is okay to do this because they believe that it is the person who originally uploaded the video that gets into trouble.
Q: It is okay if i download a T.V program, watch it, then give to my friend in exchange for money.
A:
A: It is not okay in the eyes of the law because of the digital millennium copyright act. However it is so common and almost socially acceptable that it doesn't seem a big problem. Many people use streaming websites which does not involve the actual download, people think that it is okay to do this because they believe that it is the person who originally uploaded the video that gets into trouble.
Q: It is okay if i download a T.V program, watch it, then give to my friend in exchange for money.
A:
Illegal Downloading
Opinions:
"Downloading a particular TV show for personal use is Ok"
We believe that it is acceptable to download the TV show as long as it is only for personal use and the user is not distributing the downloaded content to the public and also is not exporting the content for own personal financial gain. Also under the Copyright Act of 1988 it is not illegal to download media for your own use.
What is the role of the Copyright and Trade Marks Act (2002)?
This Act amends the criminal provisions in intellectual property law, more specifically the law relating to copyright, rights in performances, fraudulent reception of conditional access transmissions by use of unauthorised decoders and trade marks. The Act brings about some rationalisation of these criminal provisions by removing some of the differences. The three areas in which rationalisation is provided by the Act are maximum penalties for certain offences in intellectual property law, police search and seizure powers relating to offences and court orders on forfeiture of illegal material that may have been seized during investigation of offences. The Act does not make any changes to the scope of criminal offences in intellectual property law so that the type of behaviour that can give rise to an offence remains the same.
(Taken from http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/25/notes/division/2)
What is the role of Ofcom?
Ofcom regulate TV and radio sectors, fixed landlines and mobile phones to make sure the public are protected by scams, sharp practices, while ensuring that competition can compete with each other. They operate under the Communications Act of 2003.
"Downloading a particular TV show for personal use is Ok"
We believe that it is acceptable to download the TV show as long as it is only for personal use and the user is not distributing the downloaded content to the public and also is not exporting the content for own personal financial gain. Also under the Copyright Act of 1988 it is not illegal to download media for your own use.
What is the role of the Copyright and Trade Marks Act (2002)?
This Act amends the criminal provisions in intellectual property law, more specifically the law relating to copyright, rights in performances, fraudulent reception of conditional access transmissions by use of unauthorised decoders and trade marks. The Act brings about some rationalisation of these criminal provisions by removing some of the differences. The three areas in which rationalisation is provided by the Act are maximum penalties for certain offences in intellectual property law, police search and seizure powers relating to offences and court orders on forfeiture of illegal material that may have been seized during investigation of offences. The Act does not make any changes to the scope of criminal offences in intellectual property law so that the type of behaviour that can give rise to an offence remains the same.
(Taken from http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/25/notes/division/2)
What is the role of Ofcom?
Ofcom regulate TV and radio sectors, fixed landlines and mobile phones to make sure the public are protected by scams, sharp practices, while ensuring that competition can compete with each other. They operate under the Communications Act of 2003.
downloads.
- Downloading a particular TV show for personal use is ok.
I think that downloading a TV programme for personal use is ok, this is illegal, although because of its simplicity it doesn't seem as though your commiting a crime. however this is an ongoing problem, as the industries will be plumiting due to the money that is now not being spent on the music.
I think that downloading a TV programme for personal use is ok, this is illegal, although because of its simplicity it doesn't seem as though your commiting a crime. however this is an ongoing problem, as the industries will be plumiting due to the money that is now not being spent on the music.
Tuesday 25 January 2011
online film review of the kings speech
to what extent would you say that online film reviews are postmodern?
refer to the following:
1. are online reviews intertextual or bricolage? why?
2. how does the reviews relate to baudrillards theory of simulacar?
3.was this a positive or negative review?
overall the review was very positive and they looked at it from lots of different views which gave you the sense that they new what they were
4.how much of the reviews are reliable? in other words how much of you view of reality is based on these simulacra?
POSTOMODERNISM
To what extent would you say that online film reviews are postmodernist
Inception: Time Out Magazine.
1) the review is intertextual because the review only refers to to one other text (the film) and doesn't develop a new form of media.
2) Baudrillard theory states that a media text reflects reality in its content. Although the film review is positive, it doesn't necessarily mean that everyone would watch it as people know that films and other arts can only be experienced and judged by the individual and are a matter of a opinion.
3) The film Inception receives a positive review from the author Dave Calhoun of timeout.com. He comments about the number of special effects and stunts used by Christopher Nolan. When thinking about watching a film, I do not consider reading film reviews. If I had previously read either a positive or negative review then it would not have any bearing on whether I went to watch the film or not.
4) whether a review is reliable is in itself, a matter of opinion. The source of the review has a large influence on how we process it. If we read a review in 'The Sun' most people will take it on a different level to that of a review in 'The Guardian'. This, therefore, effects whether or not we will go and see the movie depending on our association of the review and its perceived reliability.
1) the review is intertextual because the review only refers to to one other text (the film) and doesn't develop a new form of media.
2) Baudrillard theory states that a media text reflects reality in its content. Although the film review is positive, it doesn't necessarily mean that everyone would watch it as people know that films and other arts can only be experienced and judged by the individual and are a matter of a opinion.
3) The film Inception receives a positive review from the author Dave Calhoun of timeout.com. He comments about the number of special effects and stunts used by Christopher Nolan. When thinking about watching a film, I do not consider reading film reviews. If I had previously read either a positive or negative review then it would not have any bearing on whether I went to watch the film or not.
4) whether a review is reliable is in itself, a matter of opinion. The source of the review has a large influence on how we process it. If we read a review in 'The Sun' most people will take it on a different level to that of a review in 'The Guardian'. This, therefore, effects whether or not we will go and see the movie depending on our association of the review and its perceived reliability.
To what extent would you say that online film reviews are postmodern?
1.Are online reviews inter textual or bricolage? Why?
2.How do the reviews relate to Baudrillards theory of simulacra?
3.Was this a positive or negative review?
4.How reliable are the reviews?Would you go to see a film based on its review?
The film review i have chosen to look at is about the recently released film '127 Hours' produced by Danny Boyle and tell the amazing story about survival. The review I'm looking at is written by film critic Phillip French of the newspaper The Guardian.
Film reviews are inter textual within themselves as if there is no film then there is nothing to relate the review to. The reviews generally relate to the theory of Baudrillard as this film has received rave reviews and also has the top ratings and high viewings that intertwine with this.
2.How do the reviews relate to Baudrillards theory of simulacra?
3.Was this a positive or negative review?
4.How reliable are the reviews?Would you go to see a film based on its review?
The film review i have chosen to look at is about the recently released film '127 Hours' produced by Danny Boyle and tell the amazing story about survival. The review I'm looking at is written by film critic Phillip French of the newspaper The Guardian.
Film reviews are inter textual within themselves as if there is no film then there is nothing to relate the review to. The reviews generally relate to the theory of Baudrillard as this film has received rave reviews and also has the top ratings and high viewings that intertwine with this.
Postmodernism: Online Film Reviews
'To what extent would you say that online film reviews are postmodern?'
Are online reviews intertextual or bricolage? how?
We believe that online film reviews are intertextual rather than bricolage as they are analysing more than one media, like films and books as well as being a media type themselves. They are not combining many media types to create a collage and new meaning from this combination. The online film reviews are using films, a different media text, to add a new layer of meaning.
How do the reviews relate to Baudrillards theory of Simulacra?
Film reviews are not originals because they refer frequently to films which are copies of copies. E.g Batman begins is a copy of the original Batman films which are not even original themselves as they are copied from the cartoons. Therefore film reviews relate to Baudrillards theory of conveyed reality.
Are these reviews positive or negative?
The Da Vinchci Code - Mainly negative- Review from the Guardian made a lot of positive comments about the book, however towards the end of the review, after a synopsis of the film, the reviewer was very critical about the film, a quote to support this would be : 'The Da Vinci Code is a gloomy, murky, solemn picture. The stylised, monochrome flashbacks to the Emperor Constantine's Rome, the Crusades and the Inquisition look like the work of film school students, and their ineptness serves to raise doubts about their authenticity.'
Wallace and Gromit- Mainly positive- Review from Rotten Tomatoes had many positive aspects and was barely critical at all. It said that the quality of the film was excellent and that it was well made. The only negative comment made was that it could have been made in CGI rather than stop-motion. A quote to support this positivity is: 'The quality of the animation in Steve Box and Nick Park’s feature-length cartoon is so slick and smooth that you’d be forgiven for thinking it was just another computer-animated job. It isn’t. '
Snatch- Very negative-Review from the BBC was harsh and critical of the film snatch and how the it was similar to another film in many ways (lock, stock and two smoking barrels). The reviewer also states that the film lacks laughs, is uninteresting and has unnecessary characters. A quote to sum up this negative review is: 'don't believe the film-makers' hype that "Snatch" is 'completely different' to "Lock, Stock". It isn't.' and 'Unfortunately, that whole is patchy, crippled by a lack of laughs, too many uninteresting and therefore unnecessary characters and dialogue which now seems plain cheesy.'
How much of the reviews are reliable? Would you see a film based on its review? Why?
We feel that most of these reviews are reliable, apart from the one from the BBC where the reviewer gave it 2 out of five stars and the viewer gave it 5 out of 5 stars. We would want to watch a film if it had a review from a fellow viewer opposed to a critic because the reviews from critics are very in depth and negative and not necessarily from a typical viewers perspective. We would only read reviews if we wanted to see a good in depth film at the cinema, for example, not just for light entertainment.
Are online reviews intertextual or bricolage? how?
We believe that online film reviews are intertextual rather than bricolage as they are analysing more than one media, like films and books as well as being a media type themselves. They are not combining many media types to create a collage and new meaning from this combination. The online film reviews are using films, a different media text, to add a new layer of meaning.
How do the reviews relate to Baudrillards theory of Simulacra?
Film reviews are not originals because they refer frequently to films which are copies of copies. E.g Batman begins is a copy of the original Batman films which are not even original themselves as they are copied from the cartoons. Therefore film reviews relate to Baudrillards theory of conveyed reality.
Are these reviews positive or negative?
The Da Vinchci Code - Mainly negative- Review from the Guardian made a lot of positive comments about the book, however towards the end of the review, after a synopsis of the film, the reviewer was very critical about the film, a quote to support this would be : 'The Da Vinci Code is a gloomy, murky, solemn picture. The stylised, monochrome flashbacks to the Emperor Constantine's Rome, the Crusades and the Inquisition look like the work of film school students, and their ineptness serves to raise doubts about their authenticity.'
Wallace and Gromit- Mainly positive- Review from Rotten Tomatoes had many positive aspects and was barely critical at all. It said that the quality of the film was excellent and that it was well made. The only negative comment made was that it could have been made in CGI rather than stop-motion. A quote to support this positivity is: 'The quality of the animation in Steve Box and Nick Park’s feature-length cartoon is so slick and smooth that you’d be forgiven for thinking it was just another computer-animated job. It isn’t. '
Snatch- Very negative-Review from the BBC was harsh and critical of the film snatch and how the it was similar to another film in many ways (lock, stock and two smoking barrels). The reviewer also states that the film lacks laughs, is uninteresting and has unnecessary characters. A quote to sum up this negative review is: 'don't believe the film-makers' hype that "Snatch" is 'completely different' to "Lock, Stock". It isn't.' and 'Unfortunately, that whole is patchy, crippled by a lack of laughs, too many uninteresting and therefore unnecessary characters and dialogue which now seems plain cheesy.'
How much of the reviews are reliable? Would you see a film based on its review? Why?
We feel that most of these reviews are reliable, apart from the one from the BBC where the reviewer gave it 2 out of five stars and the viewer gave it 5 out of 5 stars. We would want to watch a film if it had a review from a fellow viewer opposed to a critic because the reviews from critics are very in depth and negative and not necessarily from a typical viewers perspective. We would only read reviews if we wanted to see a good in depth film at the cinema, for example, not just for light entertainment.
Media in the online age.
to what extent would you say online film reviews are postmodern?
online reviews are intertextual. They often refer to other films made by the same director for example 127 hours review refers to Danny Boyles previous work such as slum dog millionaire. This is also the case with actors for example James Franco was a key box office draw, who appealed to fans of previous movies he starred.
online reviews are intertextual. They often refer to other films made by the same director for example 127 hours review refers to Danny Boyles previous work such as slum dog millionaire. This is also the case with actors for example James Franco was a key box office draw, who appealed to fans of previous movies he starred.
Post modernism
To what extent would you say that online film reviews are post modern?
Online reviews are intertextual in the way that the internet is used in conjuction with another media text(films) to analyse and review the films for audience. The film review either persuades or opposes you to want to watch a certain film, so they can be either positive or negative but the interxtuality comes from the need of a film to be released to therefore carry out an online review on it.
Baudrillards theory of Simulacra refers to online reviews in the perspective that we read what's written about the film, before we see it and therefore affecting our thoughts and opinions on the film. So the review of a film becomes our basis and even though we may not solemly agree with it, our mind is then made up based on what we'eve read about the film.
Film reviews can be reliable to an extent, but they are mostly opinions and could be misleading. We would go see a film based on the review, if they left you curious in terms of the plot and the storyline seemed interesting.
Online reviews are intertextual in the way that the internet is used in conjuction with another media text(films) to analyse and review the films for audience. The film review either persuades or opposes you to want to watch a certain film, so they can be either positive or negative but the interxtuality comes from the need of a film to be released to therefore carry out an online review on it.
Baudrillards theory of Simulacra refers to online reviews in the perspective that we read what's written about the film, before we see it and therefore affecting our thoughts and opinions on the film. So the review of a film becomes our basis and even though we may not solemly agree with it, our mind is then made up based on what we'eve read about the film.
Film reviews can be reliable to an extent, but they are mostly opinions and could be misleading. We would go see a film based on the review, if they left you curious in terms of the plot and the storyline seemed interesting.
"To what extent would you say online film reviews are postmodern?"
Online reviews are generally intertextual. They often refer to other films, either to refer to related films (e.g- franchises) or to refer to other films by the same actor or director. This may be due to films now a days being largely based on existing products, since high profile producers do not take risks and instead opt to put out work that is reliably"mainstream".
This fits into baudrillard theory of simularca, because the reviews refer to other texts, and therefore are not completely original in their conception, as they are copy's of what the reviewer has seen. The films themselves are not totally original either, as they take inspiration from other texts (eg- Batman Begins was almost completely based on the comics).
In terms of hyperreality, Baudrillird would suggest that if we read a review of a film, then our perception of that film is based and influenced by that review. This i believe is incorrect, since people are aware that a review is simply someones opinion, and even if they are industry professionals, ones personal taste can always be a huge influence. The reliability of the reviews depends on the outlet of the media text, since generally more professional outlet can be relied upon to be more informative and reliable.
This fits into baudrillard theory of simularca, because the reviews refer to other texts, and therefore are not completely original in their conception, as they are copy's of what the reviewer has seen. The films themselves are not totally original either, as they take inspiration from other texts (eg- Batman Begins was almost completely based on the comics).
In terms of hyperreality, Baudrillird would suggest that if we read a review of a film, then our perception of that film is based and influenced by that review. This i believe is incorrect, since people are aware that a review is simply someones opinion, and even if they are industry professionals, ones personal taste can always be a huge influence. The reliability of the reviews depends on the outlet of the media text, since generally more professional outlet can be relied upon to be more informative and reliable.
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